Analysis of Richard Adams Watership Down Essay - 1194 Words

Analysis of Richard Adams Watership Down Richard Adams novel, Watership Down, is the account of a group of rabbits trip to search out a new location to inhabit. After escaping the Sandleford Warren because of one rabbit’s instincts, nearly a dozen rabbits cross virgin country. Along the way, they run across a few other warrens. These places exhibit a completely different way of living to the fleeing group. What they learn is vital when they develop their own warren. From these places they manage to collect some rabbits to increase their size once they reach a resting point at their final destination. Each of the places they encounter is set up differently. These warrens contain a distinct and unique social system, belief and†¦show more content†¦The warren of snares could be considered socialist because all the rabbits there are equal and no one has anything more than anyone else. Efrafa can only be explained as a totalitarian warren with General Woundwort clearly being the dictator. His military regime leaves the majority of his subjects unhappy. The entire warren â€Å"is organized to conceal its existence . . . the Owsla have every rabbit in the place under orders. You can’t call your life your own: and in return you have safety- if it’s worth having at the price you pay† (Adams 238-9). All dwellers of the warren have a marking that distinguishes them from other groups, controlling their time above ground. They also must defecate in a specific area and then conceal it. There are more rabbits than the warren can hold, with the majority of females unable to reproduce because of the overcrowding. All rabbits aspire to be in the Owsla and the Council because of the privileges and they have the best of everything (Adams 240). Woundwort maintains his power over the warren through fear and force, which, in the end, causes his great downfall. The rabbits reach the Watership Down early on in the story, where they decide to remain and set up a government with the will of the people being the deciding factor in regulations. After discovering they are doeless, Bigwig convinces the does of Efrafa on the wonders of Watership Down, telling them â€Å" . . .we mate with whom we chose and dig our ownShow MoreRelatedComparison Of 1984 And Watership Down927 Words   |  4 PagesAt a glance, the two books I read over this summer, 1984 by George Orwell, and Watership Down by Richard Adams, are very different. After looking at similar themes and motifs, I found more similarities than I first thought I would. The authors present power dynamics and hierarchies in different ways, and they use that to show different points. There are more differences than similarities in these books, but the similarities may be surprising. How does Big Brother control everybody? They controlRead MoreCreating A Collaborative Process Among Students3453 Words   |  14 Pagesalso read out many books and stories in class to encourage them to read books. It somehow created the response among students. They were eager listen to new stories. The researcher also used this eagerness to introduce some classics like Watership Down by Richard Adams, The in the striped pyjamas by John Boyne (Cameron, 2009). They also like them and responded very well to them. This took me to the conclusion the books can make them interested but it will need some time. Books in syllabus must not be

A Sustainable America Is Just Part Of The Games. The...

A Sustainable America is Just Part of the Games The countdown begins as humanity ascends to the battle field. We don’t want to kill one another, but winning the fight means feeding our families for a year. How did we get to this post-apocalyptic place? If only we had paid attention to the signs of our declining surroundings. While North America has not found, itself subjected to the reaping of the Hunger Games, author Suzanne Collins eludes to this fate in her young-adult, dystopian novel â€Å"The Hunger Games†. As the topic of sustainability becomes widely discussed, the concerns of the state of our planet continues to increase along with the overall well-being and equality of those who inhabit it. Throughout her novel, the writer represents†¦show more content†¦In understanding the ways in which Collins has demonstrated the negative development of a post-apocalyptic sustainable country, it is vital to understand what the initiative would represent in a posit ive, equal sustainable movement. As author, Christian Weisser states in his work â€Å"Sustainability†, â€Å"[we] may recognize that sustainability has to do with preserving or maintaining resources†, but the true definition â€Å"is the capacity to endure or continue† (Weisser 3). It is vital to the encouragement of sustainability that resources are maintained for the present and available for the future, and while this concept can be understood economically, factors such as â€Å"social and environmental consequences of human activity† account for the movement as well (Weisser 5). These factors are the foundation of the â€Å"three pillars of sustainability† (Weisser 5). The ideal sustainability model as the author describes involves: People, Planet and Profit; each pillar prioritizes a different matter in their respected categories (i.e. equality, eradication of poverty, protecting the environment and long-term production and management of reso urces). Yet, throughout â€Å"The Hunger Games†, the model appears to be built to hold one pillar: The Capitol. While the games appear to be a form of entertainment for Panem’s wealthy and powerful, theShow MoreRelatedSummer Olymoics23416 Words   |  94 PagesOlympics From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search 2012 Olympics redirects here. For the Winter Youth Olympics, see 2012 Winter Youth Olympics. For the Paralympic Games, see 2012 Summer Paralympics. London 2012 redirects here. For the video game, see London 2012 (video game). Games of the XXX Olympiad | This is the clear version of the official logo. There are four official base colours, and another version for the 2012 Summer Paralympics. For more details, seeRead MoreAdidas Marketing Plan20768 Words   |  84 Pages†©Our†©fourth†©recommendation†©is†©to†©improve†©specific†©product†©and†©technological†© awareness†©by†©focusing†©on†©better†©functional†©communication,†©such†©as†©a†©redesigned†©and†© simpler†©website,†©and†©an†©increase†©in†©advertisements†©and†©commercials†©for†©specific†©products,†© as†©opposed†©to†©just†©focusing†©on†©promoting†©the†©adidas†©brand†©as†©a†©whole.†©Finally,†©we†© recommend†©that†©adidas†©aggressively†©pursue†©gaining†©market†©share†©in†©emerging†©Asian†© markets,†©especially†©China,†©since†©there†©is†©yet†©to†©be†©an†©established†©le ader†©there†©in†©the†© sporting†©goods†©industryRead MoreAdidas Marketing Plan20779 Words   |  84 Pages†©Our†©fourth†©recommendation†©is†©to†©improve†©specific†©product†©and†©technological†© awareness†©by†©focusing†©on†©better†©functional†©communication,†©such†©as†©a†©redesigned†©and†© simpler†©website,†©and†©an†©increase†©in†©advertisements†©and†©commercials†©for†©specific†©products,†© as†©opposed†©to†©just†©focusing†©on†©promoting†©the†©adidas†©brand†©as†©a†©whole.†©Finally,†©we†© recommend†©that†©adidas†©aggressively†©pursue†©gaining†©market†©share†©in†©emerging†©Asian†© markets,†©especially†©China,†©since†©there†©is†©yet†©to†©be†©an†©established†©leader†©there†©in†©the†© sporting†©goods†©industryRead MoreMarketing and Financial Markets41809 Words   |  168 PagesM University O. C. Ferrell Univesity of New Mexico brief contents Part 1: Marketing Strategy and Customer relationships 1 1. An overview of Strategic Marketing. 2 2. Planning, implementing, and Controlling Marketing Strategies 30 Part 2: environmental Forces and Social and ethical responsibilities 61 3. the Marketing environment 62 4. Social Responsibility and ethics in Marketing 92  © Part 3: Using information, Technology, and Target Market Analysis 127 5. Marketing

Nehemiah’s Leadership Skills Free Essays

string(88) " ask permission from his master to return to Jerusalem to rebuild the wall of the city\." Nehemiah was the son of Hacaliah and he was also the cupbearer of the Persian king Artaxerxes. He was putting on a sad face and the king did not like that and asked him why he was sad, though afraid he answered that the city in which his fathers had been buried was a ruin so then he asked permission to go and rebuild the it. He played a decisive role in the rebuilding of Judah. We will write a custom essay sample on Nehemiah’s Leadership Skills or any similar topic only for you Order Now In 444 B. C. the king appointed Nehemiah governor of Judah under the Persian Empire and permitted him to go to Jerusalem in order to help his fellow Jews. Upon his arrival Nehemiah secretly inspected the city walls which were still in ruins. This became known to his two arch-enemies, Sanballat and Tobiah, who repeatedly acted to foil his plans for rebuilding the walls (Neh 2:17-20); but despite their active opposition, Nehemiah succeeded in his building project, completing the work in 52 days (Neh chaps. 3-4), and stationed guards at the city gates and also enforced several of the laws, such as the payment due to the Levites, the observance of the Sabbath and the abolition of mixed marriages. He concluded his memoirs with a prayer to God to remember to his credit all of his efforts to strengthen divine law within Jerusalem . In order to repopulate Jerusalem, the number of whose inhabitants had dwindled greatly, he ordered that one out of every ten Jews should take up residence in the capital. He also instituted a series of religious and social reforms including the commitment to avoid intermarriage, the cancellation of debts owed by the poor, the support of the Temple cult, and the payment of tithes drawn up and sealed in a covenant (Neh chap. 10) and he then returned to Persia. After Nehemiah was given the permission to go and rebuild the city we see that he had some leadership qualities which helped him in the rebuilding process. Let us look at some few leadership skills which helped to navigate Nehemiah in the rebuilding of the city. Firstly and foremost, Nehemiah put God first and let Him lead him through prayer: The Book of Nehemiah starts and ends with prayer. And in between, Nehemiah often sends up quick prayers to heaven and asks for God’s help. â€Å"Do not pray for tasks equal to your powers,† said Phillips Brooks. â€Å"Pray for powers equal to your tasks. One mark of true spiritual leaders is their honest acknowledgment of their own inadequacy and their humble trust in the power of God He had courage: We can see that Nehemiah had courage firstly when he courageously told the king why he was sad and the king did not like to see sad faces and also he also took that opportunity to ask the king permission to go and rebuild the city and finally taking on the task of rebuilding the city shows that he had courage. Also . After the Israelites had begun rebuilding the wall of Jerusalem, some opposition arose from other occupants within the Palestine area. Nehemiah remained steadfast and courageous and rallied his people to continue the work He was determined: Nehemiah was determined because the work he was doing was a great work and he was serving a great God. He was determined because the city was in great reproach, and he wanted it to bring great glory to God. He was determined because he was part of a great plan that God had for the world as He worked through the Jewish nation. So, the next time you feel like quitting, remember Nehemiah and stay on the job until the work is finished to the glory of God. He had vision and saw the greatness of the work: No matter what God has called you to do, it’s a great work because it’s part of the building of His church; and that’s the greatest work in the world. If you lose the greatness of a vision, you will begin to cut corners in your work, stop making sacrifices, and start looking for something else to challenge you. Nehemiah realized that what he was doing was far bigger than simply repairing gates and rebuilding walls. He was serving the Lord God of heaven and getting the holy city ready for the coming of the Messiah! He submitted to authority: The call of God is not an invitation to become independent and ignore authority. Nehemiah respected the king and submitted his plans to him for his approval before he went to Jerusalem. Even more, Nehemiah submitted to the authority of the Word of God. He invited Ezra to teach the Law to the people so that they too would obey the will of God. It is a basic rule of life that those who exercise authority must themselves be under authority. Nehemiah was a man who was dependable because he was accountable. He was organized in his work: He planned his work and worked his plan, and God blessed him. We can see this when the king asked him how he would do it, he asked the king if he could have letters to the governors of Trans-Euphrates so that he would be provided for protection. Also, he wanted the kings approval to go to Asaph (the keeper of the king’s forest) so that he would be given timber to make beams for the gates of the citadel by the temple and for the city wall and the residence he would occupy, this shows that he had planned how he would start the building of the temple. He had passion: An important leadership principle displayed by Nehemiah was a deep passion for his God, his people, and his homeland. He heard of the destruction of the wall in Jerusalem and became overwhelmed with grief for the disgrace of God and his countrymen. This grief ignited a passion within Nehemiah to ask permission from his master to return to Jerusalem to rebuild the wall of the city. You read "Nehemiah’s Leadership Skills" in category "Papers" He was evaluative: Another important leadership principle shown by Nehemiah was that an effective leader evaluates a situation before acting. Nehemiah had received permission from his master to return to Jerusalem. When he arrived the first thing he did was to quietly take a private tour around the city wall to assess the damage and formulate a plan for rebuilding it. He enlisted others to work: An aspect of leadership principle displayed by Nehemiah was that effective leaders recruit and delegate responsibility to others. After Nehemiah had assessed the situation and formulated a plan of attack, he shared his plan with others and allowed them to help him with the work. Effective managers realize their need for others and that it takes many hands to accomplish a great task. He knew how to handle bad news: Life is full of bad news. It could be a small disappointment to a catastrophic occurrence, but when bad news comes your way, how do you respond? A strong leader is not only able to take the bad news, but wants to know it. Sticking your head in the sand is a sure sign of immaturity and lack of trust in God. He inspired camaraderie to people: One of the main leadership principles shown by Nehemiah was that effective leaders inspire camaraderie among his people. As mentioned above, Nehemiah led his people in the face of intense opposition; yet, by his leadership, the people did not run away, but continued the work until it was finished. They worked together with one person rebuilding his section of the wall, while his partner stood guard to protect him from attack. He shared what he had: Another leadership tenet displayed by Nehemiah was that top level managers share the rewards of success with their people. Effective leaders are kind and generous. Nehemiah demonstrated this trait by standing up for the poor against extortion and inviting large parties of people to eat at his table each meal. He stood fast on core values: We can see that Nehemiah stood fast in core values in that after the wall had been rebuilt, the Israelite people began to do things that were not pleasing to God. Nehemiah was deeply upset by this and called his people to account. References Henrietta C. Mears, What the bible is all about, Gospel Light Publications, U. S. A, 1998. Holy bible, New Revised Standard, U. S. A, 1989 The Holy Bible, New International Version, The Bible Society in Australia Inc Publishers, 1984. Richard H. Seume, Nehemiah, God’s Builder, Moody Press, Chicago, U. S. A, 1978 HOW I WOULD APPLY NEHEMIAH’S LEADRSHIP SKILLS IN MY OWN LIFE Firstly the most important leadership skill Nehemiah had according to me is that he put God first and let him lead him through prayer so I would use this skill by talking to God before facin g any situation and the reason I say this is an important leadership skill is because it is through this skill that we may get every other skill that follows. This way God will help you to do the task at hand. Also we see that also had something important and that was courage, so this helps me because I know courage is an important quality in a leader so I ask God for courage when tackling my tasks. Another thing is that I have to be determined to complete the task so that incase there as may occur any push back determination will lead you into completing the task and to do it well too. Something else that had was his vision we should also have vision in the work we are doing and we should like Nehemiah notice that the work we are doing has a higher purpose that what we look at directly, we can see that Nehemiah was not only rebuilding the walls but in depth was serving the lord and getting it ready for the messiah Jesus Christ. Another aspect in Nehemiah’s leadership qualities is his submitting to authority this shows we should respect and follow authority and not act like we are above it. We should also look at Nehemiah’s quality of self organization this shows me that in order for me to be a good leader or perform a task at my level best I should plan for my work as this will help you in accomplishing your goal. Another quality that Nehemiah displayed was passion, we should this to make us also have passion and this means we should have heart on what we do and do it with satisfaction. Again we see that Nehemiah was evaluative this means we should also follow this example by evaluating situation before jumping into conclusions and fully assessing them doing this will help you to perform the job effectively. Another thing is that like Nehemiah we should also entrust others with work this is done by delegating jobs to others tis shows that you trust them and this improves relation among workers. In many times there are always bad news so we need to know how to handle the bad news and we should talk to God to help us cope with them. As leaders we should inspire camaraderie among people this will strengthen our bonds and be able to look out for each other. To better ourselves using Nehemiah’s leadership quality of sharing what we have with others makes us better people and we should not look down upon people but treat them equally. In motivating others, we must always present the challenge and the benefit. I find that people really love to be challenged, to push the envelope and do what looks difficult or impossible. Presented in the right way, it will motivate people to join. And lastly as Nehemiah did, we should stand firm on core values and not be swayed to do the wrong things that would not please God but do God’s will. How to cite Nehemiah’s Leadership Skills, Papers

Eoct Em2 free essay sample

Admin AEL-list tools repair locker APL-equipment fixed to the hull/vessel Mica: * (management information configuration allowances) tailored to a specific individual unit or unit class * Parts of mica: 1. Section a- equipment nomenclature sequence- list of apl/ael-sorted by equipment 2. Section b- hsc description sequence- list of apl/ael-sorted by structure coed 3. Section c- hsc code sequence- list of apl/ael-sorted by HSC 4. Section d-apl/ael number sequence- list of apl/ael-sorted by apl/ael number FED log: * Made up in two files . Interactive query coast guard only uses this one used as information resource 2. Batch file * Wild card is the ability to search characters or numbers * Data view bar provides quick links to different screens in fed log * Icon (magnifingglass)Characteristics data response- provides description information * Icon (man) Management Data response- provides the service/agency CMPLUS: * Supports unit supply mission * Take material from inventory you must do an initial request * Inventory * Initial requests * Initial requests * Orders Receipts * Suppliers allowances * Group inventory OPFAC- identifies each Coast Guard unit Surflog: * Fill out a surlog: 1. Department coed 2. Opfac 3. Cog code 4. Stock number 5. Unit of issue 6. Nomenclature andsupplier 7. Quanitity needed 8. Cost * federal supply system * keep track of how much money you have expended * identify what is ordered and what has been recived * if you are copying information from old surg log confirm info in fedlog. Procurement request- form dot f 4200. 1. 2 cg- commercial suppliers MPC- PMS detail instruction card E. A-M-3356(A=auxiliary M=monthly 3356=identification number) M-main propulsion machinery A-auxiliary E-electrical R-damage control NEM- m9000. 6 ELC website -submit a change Engineering dept shall maintain single tag-out log Tag out- comdtinst 9077. 1 * Check and audits once every two weeks by cognizant dept * Tag numbers shall start over OCT 1 * Size of the vessel determines the number of tag-out logs required * Replacing a missing tag- next sequential number on tag out sheet * Check correctly installed visual compare- tag out record sheet and tag audit Recomm end change in PMS procedures must: In written form * Given to the PSM coordinator FPD( financial and procurement) provides acquisitions and accounting First quarter- is oct-dec Take material from inventory you must do an initial request TACHOMETER Tachometer- is an instrument that generates, transmits, and indicates info that is converted into a measurement of rotation speed Verify reading against info found on nameplate data 4 types of Tachometer: 1. Chronometric Tachometer, accessible shaft, press and release start button, displays after 5sec 2. Centrifugal tachometer, continuous reading of rpm’s on accessible shaft 3. Resonant tachometer, vibrating, when shaft is not accessible 4. Photo-electric tachometer, battery operated, non-contact(place reflective tape on shaft Calibration done- 12 to 18 months, sticker has last calibration and due date Frequency = number of cycles in a given time F (Hertz) = number of poles X rpm/120 Rpm=120 X f/ no of poles Transducers Pressures Transducers- convert pressure into an electrical output signal that is proportionate to the input pressure. Always obtain permission prior to troubleshooting, isolate from the pressurized system Replace with same type or a higher grade King nutronics- 2250 psi Uses 4-20ma so it travel longer distances Don’t zero and span to compensate reading Easily manipulated Prone to interference Troubleshooting- verify transducer is the problem Resistance Temp Detector RTD (resistance temp detector) temp sensor whose electrical resistance changes linearly with change in temp RTD is connected to wheatherstone bridge Two elements with separate temp gauge 1. Nickel: -40 to 1000 degree for all configurations 2. Platinum: -40 to 1000 degree for thermowell, bare bulb and embedded configuration Two wire sensing element: red and white * needs compensation circuit Three wire sensing elements: 2whites and red* no need compensation Three types of RTD configurations: 1. 5sec. embedded( oil film temp in machinery bearing) 2. 8sec. Thermowell ( high pressure) 3. 15sec. Bare Bulb directly immersed in high pressure gas Thermocouple Thermocouple is device to measure temp as temp changes a electrical potential in MV is generated Used in pyrometer Air temp change in a cold junction will cause erroneous reading Cleaning: approved solvent, checking loose or dirty connection, calibrations UAW tech manual by manufactures Two dissimilar metals that is referred as HOT JUNCTION(thermocouple sensor) Two dissimilar metals become similar is Cold junction (reference junction) Two type of therocouples 1. Type K, chromel(+yellow) Alumel (-Red) 2. Type J, Iron (+white) constantan (-Red) Synchro Two types of damping methods: 1. Electrical 2. Mechanical Highest value of effective voltage induced in one stator coil is 52v Rapid and accurate transmission Electromagnetic induction Two general classifications: 1. Troque -moves light loads like dials 2. Control -heavy loads gun directors Two common synchro rotors or windings: 1. Salient pole rotor 2. Drum or wound rotor Synchro resembles small electrical motor operates like a variable transformer NEVER connect 400hz synchro to 60hz voltage Operating voltage and frequency is mark on name plate Military standard and navy prestandard synchros- 115 vac or 26vac Load dictates the type of synchro and system By reversing s1 and s3 both synchro motors turn the same amount, in opposite directions Change S2 causes 120 degree error – it reverses the direction Oscillation and spinning of the pointer: 1. Stator winding are shorted 2. Defective damper Reversal R1 and R2 180 degree error – rotation remains the same Damping circuit prevents gear train oscillations or spinning Common zeroing methods: 1. AC Voltmeter method( most accurate) 2. Electrical-lock( fastest) Rotor gets voltage by primary winding â€Å"excitation† Stator gets voltage from the Rotor by magnetic coupling GYRO Heading, roll and pitch Transmits info to weapons control, sonar radar, depth control, dead reckoning Gyrocompass has two basic properties: 1. Rigidity in space(rigid, no force) 2. Precession(right angle, applied force) MK27: 1. Consists of master compass, electronic control unit and power converter 2. Seeks true north 3. ECU-operating control-servo Amplifier-alarm Circuitry-power supply-latitude control circuitry 4. S-1 switches- Slew, Start, Run- manual or auto 5. E- core pickoff- generates signal from proportional to gyro from null 6. J3 test points- master compass 7. Full wave bridge rectifier –rectifies AC to DC 8. Choke input filter-creates smooth DC voltage Anemomter Wind direction(HD) and speed(HE) indicator relative to ships heading and speed Wind speed indicator- visual indication of wind speed and direction(single phase 115vac) Voltmeter is used with anemometer Wind speed indicator(HE) transmits signal voltmeter(magneto) Capacitor prevents RF interference or reduces stator currents Set emits RF interference: defective capacitor at rear, replace for magneto Remove 2300 ohm resistor from both sides when using to indicators Salinity Fresh water contaminated excess of 0. 25 grains of sea salt per gallon alarm will go off (audiovisual) After the solenoid is de-energized it must be manually reset Dumper valve solenoid de-energized when impurities reach alarm proportions diverting water overboard Cell test resistor- small portable unit with contact fingers System test cell inspection- monthly Inspection- bi-monthly Thermistor- temp sensitive resistor which limits current flow across the gap between the plates Salinity Module test/installation- 23 vac across tp1- tp2 gaps shorted cell/wiring ciruit VLA) Visual Landing Aids Helo deckarea marker- Lighting-Approach aids Wave off lights- cue to pilot landing is unacceptable Wave-off light will not extinguish when wave-off switch is secured command is being sent from remote panel Homing beacon -white lamp-main mast-flashes 90x per min Lamp circuit- wired: step down transformer(115/32 volts) to variable dimming circuit Line-up- lights-20 lights-white and flash in sequenc e- uni or bi-directional VLA power requirements lighting system 120v/60hz WIPER Window wipers- DC voltage, taking 115vac single-phase using full-wave bridge rectifier Oil to external oil cup lubs the brushes Replace every 3000 hours or two times a year Life span is one year Drive mechanism- converts the rotation of the motor to go back and forth Pendulum window wiper-wiper switch to park (to place wiper out of view) Steering To determine rudder rate a HARD-OVER- TO HARD –OVER command is given while ship is moving in max speed. Overtravel-is a steering position on rudder beyond the order angle and remains at that position Overshoot- few degrees beyond the older angle but returns to the order angle Three modes of operation of steering system: 1. Follow up 2. Auto pilot 3. Non follow up Four components: 1. Hydraulic system-hydraulic power units and rudder actuators 2. Emergency equipment 3. Rudder position feedback system 4. Steering controls Control circuit- generates an electrical signal to move the rudder Hydroulic power unit(HPU) ports hydraulic fluid to the actuator Actuator turns hydraulic power into mechanical motion Steering force of water acting on the rudder Solenoid valve- controls hydraulic fluid to the actuators- to move rudder Uses hydraulics to control rudder because of the high torque –to-weight ratio Maximum error allowed on rudder angle is + or -2 Battery Normal temp-80f degrees Initial: a low-rate charge given to a new battery Normal: Routine charge IAW nameplate data Emergency: a fast or boost charge Equalizing: extended normal charge given at a specific gravity Floating: voltage maintained within the limits of 2. 13 to 2. 17 volts per cell Polarization index test Determines condition of windings through a chart Brushes * Never mix brushes-rapid brushes wear could happen when mismatched * Replace if worn 1/8 inch Seat brushes in brush holder with 80grit sandpaper * Brush holders are the same distance from the commucator- no more then 1/8 no less than 1/16 unless said by manufacturer Air Gaps * distance thousands of inch between stator and rotor * measured with machinist tapered feeler gauge * reading within 10% Bearings * never use a naked flame to heat a shaft bearing or housing * two methods to remove bearings 1. arbor press 2. puller method * three method to install bearing 1. arbor press 2. puller method 3. hammer with an appropriately size tube lubricated and sealed at the factory * antifriction bearings 1. radial 2. angular contact 3. thrust * heated in oven, furnace, or oil- at 203+/- 10degrees to expand the inner ring for assembly * hot alignment- operating temp * cold alignment-room temp * Alignment check are required under the following conditions a. Upon installation b. Base or foundation is repaired c. Any action done to bearings or motor d. When specified by PMS * Preferred pump shaft alignment is the indicator reverse method * Dial indicator shows . 04 or more movement and soft foot exists * Soft foot condition has not improved after two corrections a bent foot exist * Four approved alignment methods 1. Rim and face 2. Indicator reverse 3. Close-couple pump 4. Straight edge/ feeler gauge POWER Breakers: * AQB breaker for generator switchboards * ACB (air ci rcuit breakers) commonly installed in cutter switchboards * NLB have no automatic tripping device, it uses on/off switch * NQB have no automatic tripping device, it uses circuit isolation and manual transfer applications. Selective tripping of breakers is normally accomplished with a short time-delay feature * No authorized changes should be made to trip settings on a breaker * Purpose of switchboard circuit breakers are: 1. Circuit protection 2. Circuit isolation 3. The normal switching operation of an electrical circuit For silver or silver alloys contacts maintenance: 1. Fine file or sandpaper NO. 00 fine sandpaper is used to clean For copper contacts 2. Never use emery cloth Decrease contact forces may cause Overheating of the contact trips( loud humming or chattering is the warning) Power factor = kw/kva * Kva-apparent power * Kw-true power- the power actually used (uses a wattmeter) Reverse power relay-reverse current rating setting 5% for 10seconds Voltage regulator senses output voltage To obtain 100% power factor circuit must be purely resistive Uninterruptible power supply (ups) protects system from low voltage brown outs Motor generator (MG) is electrical motor that turns a generator (supplies regulated type111 electrical power to system) Motor generator output-120v, three phase, 400hz INDICATOR LIGHTS * White mg power is available * Blue generator circuit breaker is closed * Yellow mg is in use on the other circuit * Clear ground in the system/synchronizing * Red danger * Green normal Hysteresis loss, caused by friction develop between magnetic particles as they rotated though each cycle The primary windings of a current transformer should be connected in the line carrying the current to be measured One terminal of the secondary should be grounded Logarithmic negative temp coefficient- an increase in temp but decrease in resistance Positive temperature coefficient- an increase in temp and increase in resistance Negative temperature coefficient- an decrease in temp and decrease in resistance Only 450m 3phase 3 wire system ungrounded shore power source is acceptable for supplying electrical power. D’arsonval effect- through coil-magnetic field-repel or retract from coil magnetism Selective tripping- time delay source breakers 2301= 4 to 9 terminal MK 27 GYRO COMPASS IS A DIRECT READING COMPASS. SEEKS AND CONTINUOUSLY INDICATES THE MERIDIAN OR TRUE NORTH TWO BASIC PARTS OF THE MASTER COMPASS IS THE BINNACLE AND THE BASE ELECTRICAL CONTROL UNIT (ECU) OF THE MK 27 HOUSES OPERATING CONTROLS, FOLLOW UP SERVO AMPLIFIER, ALARM CIRCUIT, POWER SUPPLY, AND LATITUDE CONTROL WHAT CIRCUIT DESIGNATION FOR AN AIR FLOW ALARM HF COMPONENTS OF AN ALARM INDICATOR SYSTEM ARE SUPERVISORY CIRCUIT, ALARM CIRCUIT, ALARM DEVICES DRIVE UNIT CONVERTS ROTARY MOTION OF THE DRIVE MOTOR INTO A BACK AND FORTH MOTION IN A WINDOW WIPING SYSTEM PENDULUM POWER REQ 115 VOLTS, SINGLE PHASE AC SYCNCHRO CAPSITORS MAINTAINS ACCURACY IN SYNCHRO SYSTEMS. ALSO REDUCES STATOR CURRENTS M. I. C. A DESIGNATED TO A SPECIFIC UNIT FPD PROGRAM PROVIDES SIMPLIFIED ACQUISITION AND ACCOUNTING FUNCTIONS FOR LARGE UNITS OF THE COAST GUARD PRIMARY POWER FOR COAST GUARD 450 VOLT, THREE PHASE, 60HZ SECONDARY POWER FOR COAST GUARD 120 VOLT, THREE PHASE, 60HZ, TWO WIRE GROUND DETECTOR CANNOT DETECT GROUNDS THROUGH A TRANSFORMER POSITIVE TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT THE RESISTANCE INCREASES WITH TEMPERATURE WATER INSIDE TRANSDUCER IS FROM EITHER FROM HUMIDIDTY OR FLUID FROM THE SYSTEM LEAKING BY THE DIAPHRAGM ADVANTAGE FOR USING A 4-20MA SIGNAL IN A TRANSDUCER IT CAN BE TRANSMITTED WITH LITTLE TO NO INTERFERENCE THREE LEAD RTD DOES NOT REQUIRE A COMPENSATION CIRCUIT REED SWITCH USED IN FLOODING ALARM SYSTEM BEARINGS DISASSEMBLING PRELIMINARIES BEFORE DISASSEMBLING, MATCH MARK ALL ADJACENT PARTS INCLUDING END BELLS, STATOR FEET, CARTRIDGE COVERS, END CAPS, AND COUPLING HALVES, SO THATTHEY ARE REMOUNTED IN THEIR EXACT ORIGINAL POSITION DUMP VALVE MUST BE RESET MANUALLY FUNCTION OF THERMISTOR ON THE SALINITY CELL A TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE RESISTOR WHICH LIMITS THE CURRENT FLOW ACROSS THE GP BETWEEN THE PLATES PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE FOR SALINITY SYSTEM METER CHECK (DAILY), ALARM TRIP LEVELS (WEEKLY), SYSTEM TEST (MONTHLY), CELL INSPECTION (MONTHLY), CELL VALVE INSPECTION (YEARLY), SYSTEM INSPECTION (BI- MONTHLY) POWER REQ FOR ANEOMETER 115 VAC, 60 HZ Term First       Both Sides TROUBLE SHOOTING SYNCHRO SYSTEMOVERLOAD INDICATOR LIGHTS, UNITS HUM AT ALL TX SETTINGS, ONE UNIT OVERHEATS, TR FOLLOWS SMOOTHLY BUT READS WRONG (ROTOR CIRCUIT OPEN OR SHORTED), OVERLOAD INDICATOR LIGHTS, UNITS HUM ON TWO OPPOSITE TX SETTINGS, BOTH UNITS GET WARM, TR TURNS SMOOTHLY IN ONE DIRECTION, THE REVERSES (STATOR CIRCUIT OPEN)| preventive maintence comdtinst m9000. , scheduled mpc serial numbers are first component is system it belongs to and 2nd is the frequency adding oil to the external cup lubricates the bushings components of the steering system are: steering controls, hydraulic system, rudder feedback system, emergency system primary mode for the steering system is hydraulic and electric Pressure senseing element converts gas or liquid energy into pschycal(mechnical) displacement Pressure snubber is a pressure transmitting device that restricts the rate of fluid flowing to a pressure senseing instrument and as the result, the rate f pressure changes

Why is Jaws still Spielbergs most effective thriller Essay Example

Why is Jaws still Spielbergs most effective thriller Paper Jaws is a thriller with an exciting plot. A thriller is a genre that creates tension and suspense. A typical thriller can feature a terrifying predator and in Jaws it is the shark that is the predator. Films like King Kong and The Fly which were early predecessors had major influences on more modern films like Jaws. It was followed by The Return of the Fly. Jaws was made in Long Island America in 1975. It was made by Steven Spielberg. It is set on a beach resort and it is about a great white shark that was disrupting holidays. It firstly took the life of a young girl at night. Next, it took the life of a child when the sea green waters turn red. Police Chief Brody, the local Inspector decides to take up the case with the help of a marine biologist and a fisherman they put an end to the bloodshed. At the beginning of the first scene in Jaws it is a dark night which is typical icon of thriller genres which thrills and creates mystery, fear and tension in the viewer. We become engaged in the play by focusing on the two silhouettes across the beach. They create the initial plot and it keeps us hooked to the movie right from the beginning. We will write a custom essay sample on Why is Jaws still Spielbergs most effective thriller specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Why is Jaws still Spielbergs most effective thriller specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Why is Jaws still Spielbergs most effective thriller specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There are a group of young teenagers socializing around a fire, all happy and enjoying themselves. The diegetic sounds of people chatting and music gives us a feel of romance genre. The camera focuses a close-up shot of two of the main characters in the scene amongst the crowd and they both stare at each other as if they are madly in love. Suddenly, the sense of danger comes into the scene when the young girl, who is the main character jumps to her feet and runs down the beach pulling her clothes off to attract attention to the teenage boy. In a long-shot the camera follows their two silhouettes. We can sense the vulnerability at that point as they are strangers, naked, alone and slightly drunk. After that a long shot shows the girl jumping into the water. Here the thriller genre begins. The teenage girl is swimming smoothly for only a little while. Suddenly, she is pulled down into the water and is trying to shout for help. The audience is confused and hooked when this happens. The close-up of the girl shows that she is being pulled from side to side continuously and eventually she dies and the scene ends. The viewer is confused and they feel sorry for the girl as they couldnt identify the attacker of the death. Mystery, which is the typical feature of thriller genre, is used at the end of this scene as we are left clueless. Also using Todorovs theory of disequilibrium is applied here, when the audience is left in confusion on a climax. The second attack scene starts with an evocative atmosphere with a calm relaxed beach scene in the morning with families enjoying themselves on Americas Independence day on Long Island. They are all happy and cheerful. This gives a sense of false security and the shark attack will have devastating impact on the people enjoying themselves. The viewer gets hints that another attack is about to happen when the camera focuses on Chief Brodys face. When we see his facial expressions, we see that he seems stressed and tense. There are mid-close-ups of the chief looking over shoulders. This creates tension by transferring the stress to the audience; the viewer knows more than the character about what is going to happen which is dramatic irony as we know about the previous attack which is shown in the Chiefs facial expressions. Non-digetic sound is used to add to the atmosphere when the Chief cant concentrate on the beach as the radio is on and people are talking and screaming. We are left in suspense wondering if there is going to be another attack. The central characters that are used as a focus indicate the dog and boy, the old man, the Chief, the little boy building a castle, the woman floating in the water and a big group of children. The viewers are nervous about what is going to happen which keeps us hooked to the movie. These characters are used to give two false alarms. The man in the black swim hat looks like a shark and the boy who lifts the girl underwater creates the impression of an attack. We are kept tense waiting for the attack and alarmed by the false warnings. Other signs and symbols used to denote danger when the man calls out for his dog and he has suddenly gone missing. The signified meaning of this is that the dog has been killed by the shark and the presence of the shark creates suspense. We first see the shark when it is introduced by underwater camera shots which make the audience tense and aware that the shark is going to attack. We feel helpless because we cant let the characters know there is a shark in the ocean. It is confirmed for the audience that an attack is going to happen because the sound is a signature sound which complements the underwater camera. The boy lies down on his float he goes deeper into the ocean and he is turned upside down by the shark and then we see a rush of red blood in the ocean which tells the viewers he is eaten. Next, we see a huge rush of families run from the beach onto the shore. The camera is then used to see Chief Brody from another perspective using a panoramic view to show the alarm and fear on his face after the attack. The dramatic irony in this scene is that we see everything from the Chiefs perspective. In the final scene we continue to concentrate on the hero as we have been following him throughout the film; the Chief. There are many camera shots ranging from a long-shot zoom which captures Chief Brodys reactions and emotions. This empathises and engages the audience. We want him to survive and true to conventions the hero does survive. The camera zooms upwards on his eyes at the key moment to register emotion when they are lowering the marine biologist into the cage. His fear transfers to the audience which makes us tense. The viewers see that there is chemistry in Brodys and the marine biologists friendship. The audience feels the sense of happiness between the two. There are symbols to suggest the possible outcomes and events; whether the cage will protect or confine the trap. This creates anxiety for the viewers. We wonder if he will survive his encounter with the shark. There is a hint of danger when the camera zooms on significant symbols; when the fisherman tries to drug the shark and the poison falls through the bars. This increases tension and there could possibly be different endings. There is non-digetic music, the jaws signature tune which plays when the shark appears near the cage and stops when the shark is more visual towards the end of the scene. This lets the viewer of the sharks presence and the music is peaceful and calm as soon as the shark is destroyed at the end and drifts towards the sea bed. This creates an effect of happiness and satisfaction as the audience is fearless. Overall, I think Jaws is a successful thriller because of the suspense that is created in the movie. For example, the signature tune keeps us in apprehension waiting to see what happens next. Also, the movie is realistic because sharks could actually kill you in real life which gives us creates a realistic effect. If you compare Jaws to Jurassic Park for example; this thriller wont keep us in as much suspense like it would in Jaws because dinosaurs are not actually living creatures and so the plot lacks terrifying realism. The plot in Jurassic Park is fantastical and also, the characters in the movie always escape death. The first frightening technique in the movie is in the opening scene when the girl is focused on and there is a close up of her being pulled under. This puts tension on the audience as we dont know what is attacking the girl. Then in the last scene where there is increase in tension for the audience and we think that there could possibly many kinds of different endings to the story.

Cute Valentines Day Quotes

Cute Valentines Day Quotes Teens love to celebrate Valentines Day. The heady mix of first love, freedom, and hormones, make an interesting combination for Valentines Day. Enjoy this collection of cute Valentines Day quotes and share it with the one you love. If you feel nervous about confessing your love, use these cute Valentines Day quotes to woo your sweetheart. All, everything that I understand, I understand only because I love. Leo Tolstoy Are we not like two volumes of one book? Marceline Desbordes-Valmore Being deeply loved by someone gives you strength while loving someone deeply gives you courage. Lao Tzu Better let my heart be without words, than my words without heart. John Bunyan Candle light, moon light, star light The brightest glow is from love light. Grey Livingston Grow old along with me, the best is yet to be. Robert Browning I love you like crazy, baby Cuz Id go crazy without you. Pixie Foudre I seem to have loved you in numberless forms, numberless times, in life after life, in age after age forever. Rabindranath Tagore If ever there is tomorrow when we’re not together... there is something you must always remember. You are braver than you believe, stronger than you seem, and smarter than you think. But the most important thing is, even if we’re apart... I’ll always be with you. Winnie the Pooh If there ever comes a day when we cant be together keep me in your heart, Ill stay there forever. Winnie the Pooh If we judge of love by its usual effects, it resembles hatred more than friendship. La Rochefoucauld In women everything is heart, even the head. J. P. Richter It is the special quality of love not to be able to remain stationary, to be obliged to increase under pain of diminishing. Andre Gide Kisses are a better fate than wisdom. E. E. Cummings Love does not begin and end the way we seem to think it does. Love is a battle, love is a war; love is a growing up. James A. Baldwin Love doesnt grow on trees like apples in Eden - its something you have to make. And you must use your imagination too. Joyce Carol Oates Love is an irresistible desire to be irresistibly desired. Robert Frost Love is blind. That is why he always proceeds by touch. French Proverb Love is like the measles; we all have to go through it. Jerome K. Jerome Love is metaphysical gravity. R. Buckminster Fuller Love is my religion - I could die for it. John Keats Love may not make the world go round, but I must admit that it makes the ride worthwhile. Sean Connery To love and be loved is to feel the sun from both sides. David Viscott When you really want love you will find it waiting for you. Oscar Wilde

Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

Business Ethics - Essay Example Besides financial losses for the business, other problems such as lawsuits and market share decrease may be witnessed (Baumhart, R. 1968). Ethical Problems Worldwide Corporate ethical issues have not been confined to the United States. 80% of companies worldwide suffered business fraud in the years between 2004 and 2007. Parmalat, a dairy company in Italy filed for bankruptcy in 2003 because of fraudulent accounting issues. Founder Calisto Tanzi was found guilty of fraud in 2010 and sentenced to prison for eighteen years. The company reported earnings every year but never earned any earnings. Conrad Black, a former chairman of Hollinger International, was found guilty in the 2007 of embezzling funds of the media company’s shareholders by back-dating stock options (Baumhart, R. 1968). Millions of dollars was stolen through falsified documents. In Sweden top management of the insurance business Skandia engaged in corruption awarding themselves large bonuses in excess of $350 mil lion, some of which were never disclosed. This action made Shareholders to be extremely unhappy with the losses and executive corruption. The prices of shares in the company dropped drastically (Helin and Sandstrom2007). The fines levied against investment banks and brokerage firms in 2003 did not stop investment banks such as Lehman Brothers from closure five years later over undervalued mortgage-backed securities. Banks got into a new part of finance that escaped banking rules through bundling bad mortgages into securities (Lewis2010). The United States experienced the largest financial disaster since the great depression was felt around the world. Even though Lehman Brothers assets exceeded $600 billion, it collapsed due to their deep connection with derivatives, this enabled investment banks to shift money from one company to another. The Ethics of U.S. Bankers The ethics of banks have been measured frequently by the Gallup Polls. Though in 1988 polls that was conducted during t he savings and loan crisis, there was a drop in number of people rating the banker’s ethics as high or very high by 12%. There was a further drop from 23 % in the poll taken in 2008 to 19 % in the following year. This was the lowest record for the profession in the banking industry. In 2009 polls, 33 % of respondents rated the ethics of bankers as ‘low or very low’. This indicated a level of distrust and also poor ethics in the US banking industry. From the figures, it is a clear indication that the blame was pointed to the bankers for the financial crises. The public felt that the financial problems were due to bad ethics in the banking sector. Bankers have been criticized for issuing risky loans but according to (Lewis 2010), he argues that it is too crude to blame the financial crisis on ethics of bankers. According to Graafland and van deVen (2011) the three areas where of U.S. government has failed include encouraging the credit extension in the real estate market, failure by the government to keep a strong financial policy, and finally failure to regulate and monitor the markets. According to Graafland and van deVen there should be an improved sense of professionalism and duty to the public is needed. When an organization or industry loses its authenticity, the benefit of doubt is also lost. This is according to Kopeck Berenbeim, R. (1987). The Corruption Perception Index The corruption perception index (CPI) can also be used to

Critique Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Critique - Research Paper Example The use of power or physical force in the description of violence widens its nature and broadens its conventional mastery to include acts that result from intimidation, power relationship and threats. The inclusion of power in the definition also includes acts of omission or neglect, as well acts of commission. Thus, physical force in this definition should be used and understood to cover aspects of sexual, physical, psychological abuse, and neglect as well as acts of abuse and suicide. Violence adverts are often classified into broad categories depending on the target group. Some of the famous classifications include: gender violence, where a fight involves a male and a female party; sexual violence, where either male or female is forced to have sexual advances with either of the parties; domestic violence, where there is a fight at family level involving husband and wife or children (Jones, 1996). This paper hence seeks to criticize violence ads involving the mentioned classificati ons. In this ad, the tiger is at gun point. This shows how people kill the animals without any cause. However, sometimes the killings result from personal defense which is not effectively presented in this ad of wildlife violence. Human beings are depicted as the aggressors. They are often implicated in assigning an violent actions to the wildlife. This is what this ad presents. It shows that the person holding the tiger at gun point is doing so without a proximate cause. Its like that was his main aim. On the other hand, the wildlife violence ad presents tiger as a humble animal without any harm or scare. It is like the tiger was not concerned with the person, and therefore it it’s the person’s fault to shoot a tiger that is innocent and not interested in attacking him at any point. These adverts mostly read â€Å"people kill animals.† Other people have even associated wildlife violence with masculinity in various studies involving popular culture. Other schola rs have suggested in such ads that the substitution of desire with violence has become a predominant aspect of pleasure construction. The adverts also connect aggression with violence against wildlife. It is difficult to find fair wildlife ads without human beings being implicated as the aggressors. Violence is generalized in most ads and indicates that animals are the ones targeted with bane and killing. Ads have been associated with shock due to the claims by some people that products are sold best in saturated markets with shock. Therefore majority of wildlife violence ads are a mere reflection of consumer shock desire. This makes the wildlife activists shocked that the actions in the ads really exist. They also indicate animals to be the ones targeted in the violence ads by human beings, they fails to consider that in most cases, the killing may be out of fear or defense. Hence, the ad seeks sympathy for the tiger from consumers (Kellerman, 2005). In this ad of wildlife violence , the tiger seems to be in its own business in the jungle, but the person is implicated as the perpetrator. The message to human beings in this ad is to â€Å"take an active role to protecting wildlife and creating a good human wildlife relationship without violence.† People are also urged in this ad to observe the need for respect in relationships with the wildlife. The ad effectively presents how the wildlife are targeted by human beings without any cause. In fact the ad appeals emotionally to

Slavery's Impact on Capital Punishment Research Paper

Slavery's Impact on Capital Punishment - Research Paper Example A stronger and healthier male slave would fetch a higher price than a weaker and older slave. Female slaves were considered more valuable than male and hence would fetch more value as they could reproduce and help increase the number of slaves. Capital punishment is the lawful enforcement of death as a reprimand for hideous crimes. Britain had put an end to the practice of capital punishment in the year1965. However, we find that USA, Japan, China, and many other Asian, African and Middle Eastern still impose death penalty for certain number of crimes and use it with varying regularity. Propagators of capital punishment argue that it is the only way of removing criminals and this would also bring about safety for the people in the society. This can be a permanent way of removing crime completely. In keeping convicts in prison there is a possibility of them escaping from the bars or they could commit crimes within the prison. There is also a third possibility of prisoners being released after the completion of their sentence giving them free rein to start their horrendous practices all over again. There is also a cost factor involved in keeping the convict behind the bars which could be used in a more resourceful way. After the abolishment of capital punishment in Britain, statistics of 2009 reveal that in the past 12 years, 65 prisoners who had served their life sentence and were subsequently released, were yet again convicted for further crime.Their crimes ranged from murder to rape, statistics also show that the people who were given life imprisonment did not serve more than 10 years and moved freely there after.It also revealed that the crimes rose by 125% over the period of five years immediately after the abolishment of the death penalty. The crimes would have attracted death penalty if it were still into force. This means that the removal of death penalty acted as a catalyst to encourage further crime as the criminals became fearless. However, it can be argued that the abolishment cannot be the sole reason for the rise in crime. It might have increased by the same extent even if the death penalty would have been in force.The propagators of abolishment of capital punishment have a vital argument in their support. According to them innocent people could be incorrectly executed and it would not be possible to compensate them for this great injustice done to them and their families as the loss of a life can never be compensated. Secondly, the grievance suffered by the family of the person convicted cannot be totally ignored. The harassment and the trauma that the families and friends have to bear from the time of arrest until the final judgement is unbearable. The anguish and the pain haunts them for many years after the trial. People find it very difficult to accept the fact that their loved ones are guilty of such heinous crime. It is more difficult for them to contemplate such a painful death for their loved ones. However strongly one may support capital punishment, it cannot undo the harm that has already been done. In case an innocent is convicted, it might augment a feeling of revenge among his close ones and thus increasing the probability of crimes. Beccaria introduces one of the first critics of the use of capital punish

Obesity Strategies in the US

Obesity Strategies in the US Abstract The meaning of obesity is having too much body fat. It is a difference in being overweight and weighing too much. In some cases, genetics seem responsible; in others, various combinations of hormonal, metabolic, and behavioral factors appear to play a role. But in most cases, its hard to determine the exact cause of obesity. It mainly occurs when a person takes in over the amount of calories that he or she is currently burning. A person’s weight may come from muscle, bone, fat, and even body water. These terms both mean that a persons weight is greater than what is considered healthy for a person’s height. Obesity increases the likelihood of various diseases. The rates of being overweight in the United States have had a drastically increased since the 1970s. About two-thirds of Americans are overweight or obese. It is very difficult enough for a doctor to figure out why an individual patient has accumulated excess body fat. Obesity among adults was defined as a BMI of 3 0 or higher; extreme obesity was defined as a BMI of 40 or higher. In this paper we will learn about obesity, from what it is, the meaning and calculations of BMI, the history of this American disease, why it still affects Americans, and discuss what can be done to possibly control this epidemic. Obesity in the United States today has become an enormous problem. In the last 3 decades, the number of people overweight has increased dramatically (Hill and Wyatt et al.). According to researchers at RTI International, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control Prevention a study was conducted between 1998 and 2006 on the cost of obesity. One third of our adult population has become overweight. America is the richest but also the fattest nation in the world and our obesebacksides are the butt of jokes in every other country (Klein 28). Obesity is especially common in African Americans, some Hispanic populations, and Native Americans. Obesity is most common in women, and overweight is more common in men. The difference between obesity and overweight is that the term overweight refers to body weight that is at least 10 percent over the recommended weight for a certain individual. Obesity is generally defined as an excessive amount of body fat in relation to lean body mass. In numeric terms, obesity refers to a body weight that is at least 30 percent over the ideal weight for a specified height. Obesity was first recognized as a medical disorder by Greeks. In the Middle Ages and also Renaissance periods obesity was a common sign of wealth for the people. Throughout the 20th century when the populations in America reached their genetic potential for height, weight began increasing much more than height, resulting in obesity. In the 1950s increasing wealth in the developed world decreased child mortality, but as body weight increased heart and kidney disease became more common. Weight is viewed as an ideal issue has become lower since the 1920s. Obesity is still seen as a sign of wealth and well-being in Africa. Weight gain and obesity are caused by consuming more calories than the body needs – most commonly by eating a diet high in fat and calories, living a sedentary lifestyle, or both. The imbalance between calories consumed and calories burned can also be caused by a number of different physiological factors, including genetic and hormonal problems related to deficiencies in internal body functions. Obesity can begin at a very young age. Many children in our society are overweight, setting themselves up for serious health problems later in life. Type 2 diabetes, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, and heart problems are just some of the risks. Children who are overweight also tend to feel less secure, less happy, and be stressed more than normal weight children do. They get teased, criticized, and judged. In many cases, the problem is not the child’s fault. Being overweight may run in that child’s family, or their parents do not encourage them tobe active and get enough exercise. Many children spend too much time indoors wasting away in front of the TV, playing video games, or spending time on the computer, and consuming high fat snacks, soft drinks and candy at the same time (Weight Management) More than half of all US adults are considered overweight or obese. The prevalence of obesity-related comorbidities emphasizes the need for concerted efforts to prevent and treat obesity rather than just its associated comorbidities. Figures in this Article Recent estimates suggest that 1 in 2 adults in the United States is overweight or obese, defined by a body mass index (BMI) of higher than 25, an increase of more than 25% over the past 3 decades. These dramatic increases have occurred among the 3 major racial and ethnic groups and include both sexes (Must, Spadano, Coakley, Field, Colditz Dietz). BMI provides a reliable indicator of body fatness for most people and is used to screen for weight categories that may lead to health problems. With being overweight their may come illnesses/diseases like diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, Metabolic Syndrome, dyslipidemia, and Thyroid Conditions. Obesity is connected with diabetes because carrying extra body weight and body fat go hand and hand with the development of type 2 diabetes. People who are overweight are at much greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes than normal weight individuals. Being overweight puts added pressure on the bodys ability to properly control blood sugar using insulin and therefore makes it much more likely for you to develop diabetes. Almost 90% of people with type 2 diabetes are overweight. The number of diabetes cases among American adults jumped by a third during the 1990s, and more increases are expected. This rapid increase in diabetes is due to the growing prevalence of obesity and extra weight in the United States population (Must, Spadano, Coakley, Field, Colditz Dietz). Heart disease is an increasing illness in adults that are obese and overweight, which causes the victim to fall into a heart attack, congestive heart failure, sudden cardiac death, and abnormal heart rhythm more often than those that maintain a healthy body mass index. Obesity can often raise the risk of heart disease because of its negative effect on blood lipid levels, something which increases in obese patients, and increase triglyceridelevels and decrease high-density lipoprotein, also known as HDL or â€Å"good cholesterol.† Obesity continues to be one of Americas most mentioned topics in the media today. The cause of this is because Americans eat out entirely too often. We do not make the right menu choices, and most importantly we are not active enough to compensate for the intake of high calorie foods consumed every day (Jay Sorensen). Even though obesity is currently rising in America there are ways to control it because obesity in some cases is heredity. You can usually lose weight through dietary changes, increased physical activity and behavior changes. In some cases, prescription medications or weight-loss surgery may be options. Exercise is more useful to burn fat as it speeds up metabolism. Exercise in any form like walking, swimming, cycling, playing football ,workout with machines or yoga just for 30-35 minutes per day will not only helpful to control weight but also reduces risk of serious cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, arthritis etc. Some people go dieting or on very strict diet regime to control obesity but that is not safe solution because after some days the person get bored and dont want to be on control regime . Maintain regular meal times and have balanced meals. Uncontrolled eating habits also contribute to weight gain. Unhealthy diets and physical inactivity are among some of the leading causes of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including cardiovascular diseases (CVD), type 2 diabetes and certain cancers. 2.7 million deaths are attributable to diets low in fruits and vegetables. With today’s technology, physical activity is not very hard to get access to. You have different systems this like Nintendo Wii, Kinect for Xbox 360, PlayStation Move for PS3, Video games are often the source of hours of fun not just for little kids but for big kids as well. The big problem is the strong correlation of sitting for long periods and the development of obesity. (Video Games And Obesity, n.d.). Many different studies have to children and young adults to prove that movement has been the result in weight lose. According to a study done by the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition which was to evaluate the effect of active video games over a 6 month period on weight, body composition, physical activity, and physical fitness. A total of 322 overweight and obese children aged 10–14 year old, who were current users of video games, were randomly assigned to receive either an active video game upgrade package or to have no change. The primary outcome was the change from baseline in body mass index. Secondary outcomes were changes in percentage body fat, physical activity, cardio respiratory fitness, video game play, and food snacking. The result was that after 24 weeks, the treatment effect on BMI favored the intervention group. The change in BMI from baseline increased in the control group, but remained the same in the intervention group. There was also evidence of a reduction in body fat in the intervention group. The change in daily time spent playing active video games at 24 weeks in creased with the intervention accompanied by a reduction in the change in daily time spent playing non-active video games. An active video game intervention has a small but definite effect on BMI and body composition in overweight and obese children (Maddison, Foley, Mhurchu, Jiang, Jull, Prapavessis, Hohepa Rodgers). The National institutes of Health states video games have become increasingly popular among young adults. The purpose of this study was to determine if interactive video games, requiring physical activity to play, increase the energy expenditure (EE) and heart rate (HR) of young adults enough to elicit a training response (Siegel Shannon). Thirteen male and female participants were in the study. Participants were familiarized with equipment and allowed to practice with three games, moving and striking lighted pads, riding a bike to increase the pace of a race car, and boxing against a video simulated opponent. A portable metabolic cart and HR monitor were attached to participants to measure baseline and exercise values. Participants could play any of the three games for 30 minutes while metabolic and HR data were collected. Exercise data were compared to baseline measures, and the 3 games were compared for EE. Paired sample t-tests showed baseline and exercise values differed for HR. The boxing game provided the highest. Participants achieved 60% or better of their HR reserve well within the guidelines for training HR. Caloric expenditure during the 30-minute exercise session is also within the recommendations for daily physical activity. Thus, interactive video games that require physical activity to play can be utilized as part of an overall aerobic exercise program (Siegel Shannon). The Obesity Action Coalition (OAC) is a nearly 50,000 member-strong 501(c)(3) National non-profit organization dedicated to giving a voice to the individual affected by the disease of obesity and helping individuals along their journey toward better health through education, advocacy and support. The Obesity Society is the leading scientific society dedicated to the study of obesity. Since 1982, The Obesity Society has been committed to encouraging research on the causes and treatment of obesity, and to keeping the medical community and public informed of new advances ( Dea). The Obesity Societys membership reaches more than 2,000 basic and clinical researchers, who have published extensively, and care providers in obesity treatment and prevention ( Dea). Shape Up America! Is a 501(c) 3 not-for-profit organization committed to raising awareness of obesity as a health issue and to providing responsible information on healthy weight management? . Reference Hill, J. O., Wyatt, H. R., Reed, G. W., Peters, J. C. (2003). Obesity and the environment: where do we go from here? Science, 299(5608), 853-855. Obesity Costs U.S. About $147 Billion Annually, Study Finds. (n.d.). RTI International: Obesity Costs U S About 147 Billion Annually Study Finds. Retrieved February 20, 2014, from http://www.rti.org/newsroom/news.cfm Understanding Obesity. (n.d.). Obesity In America. Retrieved February 24, 2014, from http://obesityinamerica.org/understanding-obesity/ Must, A., Spadano, J., Coakley, E. H., Field, A. E., Colditz, G., Dietz, W. H. (1999). The disease burden associated with overweight and obesity. JAMA: the journal of the American Medical Association, 282(16), 1523-1529. Ravussin, PhD, Eric , and Donna Ryan, MD. Your Weight and Obesity . Obesity Society . N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Feb. 2014. . Obesity and Heart Disease. Obesity and Heart Disease. N.P., n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2014. Sorensen, J. (2014, January 3). Obesity In America. Obesity In America. Retrieved March 1, 2014, from http://www.foodandnutrition.net/nutrition/obesity Body Mass Index. (2013, December 6). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved March 1, 2014, from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing Helpful tips to control obesity. (n.d.). Helpful tips to control obesity. Retrieved February 27, 2014, from http://netties.net/control.htm Video Games And ObesityAddiction or Entertainment. (n.d.). Video Games And Obesity. Retrieved March 23, 2014, from http://www.helpcurechildobesity.com/video-games-and-obesity.html Maddison, R., Foley, L., Mhurchu, C. N. (2010, November 25). The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Effects of active video games on body composition: a randomized controlled trial. Retrieved March 30, 2014, from http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/94/1/156.short Siegel, S. R., Haddock, B. L., Dubois, A. M., Wilkin, L. D. (2009). Active video/arcade games (exergaming) and energy expenditure in college students. International journal of exercise science, 2(3), 165. Obesity. (n.d.). Obesity. Retrieved April 14, 2014, from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/123702-overview

Fortinbras, Laertes and Horatio, as Foils to Hamlet Essay -- GCSE Cour

Fortinbras, Laertes and Horatio, as Foils to Hamlet  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "What a piece of work is a man!" (II, 2, 305). In his statement Prince Hamlet, in his role as the star character in William Shakespeare's Hamlet, acknowledges the complexity of man; as "infinite in faculties. . . express and admirable. . . like an angel [or] like a god. . . and yet. . . [a] quintessence of dust" (II, 2, 307) is man described. Shakespeare emphasizes the observation by casting Hamlet as "a man," exposing his strengths and weaknesses through the contrast provided by Fortinbras, Laertes and Horatio, as foils to the tragic hero.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At his first appearance, young Fortinbras is shown to be inferior to Hamlet; being "of unimproved metal, hot and full" (I, 1, 96) unreasonably "[sharking] up a list of landless resolutes" (I, 1, 98), he is in sharp contrast to the "sweet and commendable" (I, 2, 87) Hamlet introduced in the next scene. As the play develops, however, Hamlet's weakness are highlighted as Fortinbras works to earn his name, "which seems to symbolize the strong arm of the soldier" (xxvii). Fortinbras' uncomplicated, simple-minded determination towards final revenge of this father's death contrasts with Hamlet's intermittent efforts towards the same goal. The Norwegian's first appearance in the play, which does not occur until act IV, scene 4, is conveniently placed as Hamlet is on another of his "lows." Fortinbras' triumphant and majestic entry into Denmark evidences his ability to plan and act, circumventing obstacles in his plan as they arise, which contrasts with Hamlet's inability to do the same. Hamlet condemns himself and exposes one of his weaknesses -- his inability to act when required or possible -- by questioning "Wh... ... the deadly duel in the final scene. The scholar's strong code of honour and ethics, which pushes him to commit suicide at Hamlet's death, contrasts with Hamlet's lack of morals, sending his old acquaintances Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to their deaths in England and mercilessly "wringing [his mother's] heart" (III, 4, 35) during the closet scene.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By exposing and emphasizing Hamlet's many strengths and weaknesses as they appear throughout the play, Fortinbras, Laertes and Horatio act as foils to the tragic hero. Although they assist in the understanding of Hamlet, they do not completely dissect the inner workings of the main character, thus testifying to the complexity of an individual. Indeed, what a piece of work is a man!    Works Cited Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. Betty Bealy. Toronto: Canadian School Book Exchange, 1996.